Theoretical maximum density tmd, also called rice density the theoretical maximum density of an hma if it contained zero air voids. Mar 19, 2016 the time is right for a comprehensive resource that collects, examines, and organizes this information and makes it easily accessible. A demonstration of stone matrix asphalt mix designs using high polish value crushed stone departmental research texas department of transportation dht41 research and technology transfer section, p. Performance evaluation of stone matrix asphalt using indonesian. Stone matrix asphalt sma was developed in germany over 30 years ago. Performance evaluation of stone matrix asphalt using. Compaction of the mix required a minimum of three rollers. In this present study comparison of strength of pavement wearing coat made with sma mix with fibre and without fibre was done. Effect of coarse aggregate content on stone matrix asphalt rutting and drain down walaa s. Furnish uncontaminated materials of uniform quality that meet the requirements of the plans and specifications. The design asphalt content is a compromise selected to balance all of the mix properties and can be adjusted within the range to achieve properties that will. Explore stone mastic asphalt with free download of seminar report and ppt in pdf and doc format. The requirement of filler in sma mixture is of the order of 1012 percent and binder content is high. Theory and practice strengths and weaknesses of sma.
Laboratory performance of stone matrix asphalt containing. Laboratory performance of stone matrix asphalt mixtures with two aggregate gradations goutham sarang b. It provides a deformationresistant, durable surfacing material, suitable for heavily trafficked roads. Sma has found use in europe, australia, the united states, and canada as a durable asphalt surfacing option for residential streets. Stone matrix asphalt is a coarse graded rut resistant engineered hot mix asphalt surface layer. Stone matrix asphalt transport research international. Furnish uncontaminated materials of uniform quality that meet the requirements of the. Article effect of fibers on mixture design of stone matrix. Stone matrix asphalt sma is a tough, stable, rutresistant mixture that relies on stone on stone contact to provide strength and a rich mortar binder to provide durability 1. Neal fannin, pavement materials engineer, penndot 2. Laboratory investigation of the properties of stone matrix asphalt mixtures modified with rgpsbs mojtaba ghasemia, seyed morteza marandib aph. Stone mastic asphalt sma, also called stonematrix asphalt, was developed in germany in the 1960s with the first sma pavements being placed in 1968 near kiel. Construct a hotmix asphalt hma pavement layer composed of a compacted stone matrix asphalt sma or stone matrix asphalt rubber smar mixture of aggregate, asphalt binder, and additives mixed hot in a mixing plant. The design asphalt content is selected by considering all of the data properties of the mix.
Upper sma mixture with paver courtesy of krzysztof blazejowski. Stuart the stone matrix asphalt sma technical working group twg, com posed of federal, state, and industry representatives, was formed in 1992. Theory and practice temperatures of asphalt mixtures. For more than two decades, stone matrix asphalt sma, called stone mastic asphalt in europe, has been taking over the global asphalt paving market at a remarkably high speed. Stone matrix asphalt sma is a gap graded mixture that maximizes the coarse aggregate content to the tune of 7080% in the mixture to ensure stable stoneonstone contact18. Structural mechanics analysis of asphalt pavement using. Article effect of fibers on mixture design of stone matrix asphalt yanping sheng 1, haibin li 2, ping guo 3, guijuan zhao 2, huaxin chen 1 and rui xiong 1 1 school of materials science and engineering, changan university, xian 710064, china. Asphalt pavement with semirigid base is the major structure adopted in the new built highway and municipal roads in china. Stone matrix asphalt sma is a tough, stable, rutresistant mixture that relies on stoneonstone contact to provide strength and a rich mortar binder to provide durability 1. A compilation and distillation of the latest knowledge available, stone matrix asphalt. Stone matrix asphalt sma is a gap graded bituminous mixture with high concentration of coarse aggregates and high mastic content. A study on recycling of crumb rubber and low density polyethylene blend on stone matrix asphalt article pdf available january 2012 with 242 reads how we measure reads.
Asphalt material characterization for aashtoware pavement me. The modification mechanism and high temperature deformation law are obtained. In partnership with national asphalt pavement association. Stone matrix asphalt sma mixtures have been used in the united states since 1991. Stone matrix asphalt sma is a gapgraded bituminous mixture which can be used in surface layer of high volume pavements. This is due to the gap graded structure of sma and.
Haddock introduction stone matrix asphalt sma is a type of hot mix asphalt hma that has been used in europe for over 20 years to resist studded tire wear and to provide better rutting resistance. National asphalt pavement association qip 122 3 c hapter o ne s tone matrix asphalt sma is a tough, stable, rutresistant mixture that relies on stonetostone contact to provide strength and a rich mortar binder to provide. Sma has been utilized in other european countries for more than two decades to provide higher rutting resistance as well as studded tyre wear. The concept of stone matrix asphalt posted by admin on 11 11 15 for more than two decades, stone matrix asphalt sma, called stone mastic asphalt in europe, has been taking over the global asphalt paving market at a remarkably high speed. Stone matrix asphalt sma is a gap graded bituminous mixture with high concentration of coarse aggregates and higher mastic bitumen and filler content. The sma stone matrix asphalt mixture is a gapgraded mix. Theory and practice describes sma, from its origin through implementation, and explores various methods and design approaches. Performance evaluation of stone matrix asphalt using indonesian natural rock asphalt as.
Highway engineer straight run asphalt with the exception of natural asphalt is a residue of petroleum or a product of solvent extraction of petroleum. Stonematrix asphalt sma is a gapgraded asphalt pavement designed to improve rut resistance and durability through the use of a stable stoneonstone skeleton held together by a rich mixture of asphalt cement, along with stabilizing agents such as fibers andor asphalt modifiers. Contrary to this, stone matrix asphalt sma is a structural layer and has all the advantages of surfacing layer. Some properties of the asphalt cement significantly affect those of the finished emulsion. The time is right for a comprehensive resource that collects, examines, and organizes this information and makes it easily accessible.
Notify the engineer before changing any material source or. The sma twg developed the sma model material and con struction guidelines. One type of road pavement material which is developed to be more resistant to permanent deformation is the sma stone matrix asphalt. Pdf modification of stone matrix asphalt with nanosio2. Stone mastic asphalt sma, also called stone matrix asphalt, was developed in germany in the 1960s with the first sma pavements being placed in 1968 near kiel. Performance asphalt emulsion theory aema guidelines rev. Pdf use of stone matrix asphalt in perpetual pavement. The mixture has higher concentrations of coarse aggregates, providing strength and rut resistance to the mixture, and higher asphalt content giving durability. Also explore the seminar topics paper on stone mastic asphalt with abstract or synopsis, documentation on advantages and disadvantages, base paper presentation slides for ieee final year civil engineering ce or ieee civil construction btech, be, mtech students for the year 2015 2016. Moore introduction background stone matrix asphalt sma has been used for over a decade in the united states as a premium asphalt mixture to resist rutting and cracking on many heavy traffic roadways. Laboratory performance of stone matrix asphalt mixtures with.
Stone matrix asphalt sma is a tough, stable, rut resistant mixture that relies on stonetostone contract for its strength and a rich mortar binder for its durability. Stone mastic asphalt seminar report, ppt, pdf for civil. Highway agencies have been using increasing amounts of reclaimed and recycled materials over the past number of years, as asphalt prices have continued to rise. Delhi recommends stone matrix asphalt as a right choice to sustain severe climatic and heavy traffic.
Sources and nature of tar while asphalt is essentially a product of petroleum, tar is a product that derives from distillation of coal. Certified that this thesis entitled influence of additives on the characteristics of stone matrix asphalt, submitted to cochin university of science and technology, kochi for the award of degree of doctor of philosophy, under the faculty of engineering, is the bonafide research carried out by. Fibre is also a good material for use in an hma mixture. It is made up of a mixture of crushed coarse and fine aggregates, mineral filler, asphalt cement and a stabilizer for the binder, such as polymer or fibres. The calculated and measured mix properties at this asphalt content can be evaluated by comparing them to the mix design criteria shown in table 3. Study of stone matrix asphalt for the flexible pavement. Aashto r 4608, standard practice for designing stone matrix asphalt sma, or a modified. These objectives are usually achieved with a gapgraded aggregate coupled with fiber or. Comparison of stone matrix asphalt mixtures prepared in. Pdf a study on recycling of crumb rubber and low density. Spesifikasi stone matrix asphalt sma 1 ruang lingkup spesifikasi ini menetapkan ketentuan bahan dan ketentuan campuran stone matrix asphalt sma untuk lapis permukaan atau lapis aus, baik yang menggunakan aspal pen 60 s. Contents listoffigures xv listoftables xxv foreword xxix acknowledgments xxxi author xxxi some wordsonterminology xxxv chapter1 theconcept ofstone matrix asphalt 1 1. It is composed of a strong aggregate skeleton, and a binder mastic composed of a high asphalt cement. Pdf evaluation of stone matrix asphalt sma for airfield.
The aim of this project is to evaluate the potential use of stone matrix asphalt utilizing alluvial aggregates for use as a rut mitigation tool for heavily rutted roadways. Construct a hotmix asphalt hma pavement layer composed of a compacted stonematrix asphalt sma or stonematrix asphalt rubber smar mixture of aggregate, asphalt binder, and additives mixed. Much of the physical nature of asphalt can best be described, in terms of composition, as an assembly or matrix of molecular species building blocks into large multimolecular units within the asphalt. These objectives are usually achieved with a gapgraded aggregate coupled with fiber or polymer modified, and high asphalt content matrix 1. Laboratory performance of stone matrix asphalt mixtures. The asphalt binder was either a performance graded pg 7022 or a pg 7622. It is composed of a strong aggregate skeleton, and a binder mastic composed of a high asphalt cement content, a cellulose or mineral fiber and high percentage of mineral filler. Pcc pavements would also be a viable option as well. A test temperature of 60o c is used in this study, which is an. Asphalt is a substance that causes particles of sand, gravel and crushed stone to stick together to form a pavement. Most stone matrix asphalt work to date utilizes trap rock or quarried aggregates in the production of the mix. Today, penndot uses wma sma in all 11 penndot engineering districts. Evaluation of stonematrix asphalt mixtures containing.
Evaluating georgias compaction requirements for stone matrix asphalt mixtures randy c. Stone matrix asphalt sma on top of fibrereinforced asphalt concrete ac was the best pavement structure in this test. The technology of asphalt materials and mixtures is discovered and mostly used in europe and north america. In marshall mix design, only 50 blows are given to compact sma samples, compared to 75 blows in the case of conventional dense graded mixtures. There must be a proper stonetostone contact between the coarse aggregates of sma, and hence aggregate. Stone matrix asphalt sma is a hot mixture asphalt that was developed in germany in the late sixties. Detailing the requirements and materials for the mix, including asphalt binder, aggregates, and stabilizers, the book covers. Experimental investigation of stone matrix asphalt mixtures. Because of its success in europe, the united states of america usa also launched the construction of sma pavements in some states. Student, department of civil engineering, bahonar university, kerman, iran bassist. Materials and methods the specimen size of 100 mm in diameter and 150 mm in height pellinen et al. Numerous techniques exist to examine asphalt at both the molecular and intermolecular levels. Its fastgrowing popularity has been surprising to many people. Stone matrix asphalt sma is a tough, stable, rut resistant mixture that relies on stone to stone contract for its strength and a rich mortar binder for its durability.
An ogfc is considered to be a nonstructural layer, and therefore, it is not used in pavement performance calculations. Experimental investigation of stone matrix asphalt. The traffic rate has been high on many of these pavements resulting in a significant amount of traffic during a. Stone matrix asphalt theory and practice stone matrix asphalt theory and practice krzysztof blazejowskiboca raton l. Theory and practice in the years since the development and subsequent success of stone matrix asphalt sma.
There is a large reserve of natural rock asphalt in indonesia containing an asphalt content of 530% with an average asphalt content of 20% and asphalt properties as low as 00 dmm in kabungka area and as high as 40210 dmm in lawele area 5. Effect of coarse aggregate content on stone matrix asphalt. Certified that this thesis entitled influence of additives on the characteristics of stone matrix asphalt, submitted to cochin university of science and technology, kochi for the award of degree of doctor of philosophy, under the faculty of engineering, is the bonafide research carried out by smt. Stone matrix asphalt sma is a gapgraded asphalt pavement designed to improve rut resistance and durability through the use of a stable stone on stone skeleton held together by a rich mixture of asphalt cement, along with stabilizing agents such as fibers and or asphalt modifiers. Stone matrix asphalt pavement is hot mix asphalt consisting of two parts a coarse aggregate skeleton and a binder rich mortar. The mix was found to be better rut resistant and durable than conventional dese graded mixtures and this prompted many countries in europe and united states us to adopt. Construct a pavement layer composed of a compacted stone matrix asphalt sma or stone matrix asphalt rubber smar mixture of aggregate, asphalt binder, and additives mixed hot in a mixing plant. North dakota asphalt conference april 2, 20 bismarck, nd.
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